On This Day

raveydavey · Posted: Fri Oct 02, 2009 5:16 pm Post subject:

October 2nd:

1452 King Richard III, England's last Plantagenet King, was born.

1608: Dutch lens maker Hans Lippershey demonstrated the first telescope.

1869: Birth of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Indian leader who campaigned for Indian independence using the techniques of civil disobedience.

1900 Keir Hardy became the Labour Party's first Member of Parliament.

1901 The Royal Navy's first submarine, built by Vickers, was launched at Barrow. The company's shipbuilding division is now BAE Systems Submarine Solutions. This is Europe's largest ship building hall at almost 200 ft high and 900 ft long.

1909 The first rugby football match was played at Twickenham, between Harlequins and Richmond.

1925 London's first red buses with roofed-in upper decks went into service, but they had been in use in Widnes, Cheshire, since 1909.

1942 The British cruiser Curacao sank with the loss of 338 lives, after colliding with the liner Queen Mary off the coast of Donegal.

1943: The 9th Australian Division liberated Finschhafen in New Guinea.

1950 Legal Aid was introduced in Britain

1953 A photograph of William Pettit, wanted for murder, was shown on BBC TV at the request of the police - the first time in Britain that television was used to help find a wanted man.

1968 A woman gave birth to six babies in what was hailed as the first recorded case of live sextuplets in Britain.

1974: Cannabis 'causes brain damage'. Experiments on monkeys in America reveal how smoking cannabis can cause brain damage.

1981 The IRA hunger-strike at the Maze prison ended after 10 deaths.

1983 Neil Kinnock was elected leader of Britain's Labour Party, with Roy Hattersley joining him as deputy. The Dream Ticket - for the Conservatives...

1991 Ron Chassidy (who had been jailed for not paying his poll tax) was released after a 'whip-round' at his local pub so that he could play in a dominoes match!

1996 In Britain, Mandy Allwood lost the last five of the octuplets she had been expecting after a 19 week pregnancy.

2001 Prime Minister Tony Blair warned the Taliban regime that it would be the target of military action unless it gave up Osama bin Laden.

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raveydavey · Posted: Sat Oct 03, 2009 1:39 pm Post subject:

October 3rd:

1263: Taking advantage of a recent gale which had scattered and damaged the Norwegian fleet of King Hakon Hakonsson, anchored off Largs, Alexander III of Scots led his ships in to attack. Hakon had the most powerful fleet in northern waters, his power exemplified by his great flagship Kristsudin, and had been attempting to enforce Norwegian hegemony over the Western Isles. In confused fighting lasting several days, Alexander's men won the upper hand, and the Norwegian defeat was compounded by an opportunist attack from Ewan MacDougall in the Isles, who had previously avoided taking sides.

1691 The Treaty of Limerick was signed, ending the Irish Rebellion against English rule.

1811 The first recorded women's county cricket match - between Hampshire and Surrey at Newington.

1844 Sir Patrick Manson, Scottish doctor, was born in Aberdeenshire. He was known as 'Mosquito Manson' from his pioneer work with Sir Ronald Ross in malaria research.

1896 William Morris, English craftsman, poet and painter, died.

1906 SOS became the international distress signal, replacing the call sign CDQ, sometimes explained as ‘Come Damn Quick!’

1916 James Alfred Wight (James Herriot ), vet and author of 'All Creatures Great & Small' was born, in Sunderland. His surgery was in Thirsk, North Yorkshire.

1922: The first facsimile picture was transmitted over the telephone between buildings in Washington DC by C F Jenkins.

1929 The Church of Scotland merged with the United Free Church of Scotland, retaining the name Church of Scotland.

1940 Former British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain resigned from Winston Churchill's coalition Government.

1944: RAF Bomber Command Mosquito and Lancaster aircraft successfully breached the dykes on the Dutch island of Walcheren, flooding German coastal batteries which were endangering the shipping lanes into Antwerp. None of the 259 aircraft were lost.

1951: In Korea, the 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, successfully took Hill 317 at Maryang-San from Communist forces. They then faced five days of relentless counter-attacks, but managed to hold the position.

1952 Britain's first atomic bomb was detonated on the Monte Bello Islands, off W. Australia.

1952 News of the end of tea rationing meant the prospect of unlimited 'cuppas' for the first time in 12 years.

1956 The Bolshoi Ballet performed in Britain, at Covent Garden, for the first time.

1959 Postcodes were introduced in Britain. LS11 0ES is my favourite

1961 The Queen made Tony Armstrong-Jones, (Princess Margaret’s husband), an Earl, Lord Snowdon.

1967 Sir Malcolm Sargent, British music conductor died.

1967 The first conservation area was established, at Stamford in Lincolnshire.

1995: OJ Simpson verdict: 'Not guilty'. OJ Simpson is found not guilty of the murders of his ex-wife Nicole and her friend Ronald Goldman.

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raveydavey · Posted: Sun Oct 04, 2009 2:24 pm Post subject:

October 4th:

1535 London printer Miles Coverdale published his English version of the Bible.

1829 John Thompson of London designed the first greeting card.

1883 The Boys' Brigade was founded, in Glasgow, by Sir William Alexander Smith.

1911 Britain's first escalators were introduced. They connected the District Line and Piccadilly Line platforms at Earl's Court underground station in London.

1916: In France, Second Lieutenant Kelly, Duke of Wellington's Regiment, took over command of his company which had suffered dreadful casualties. Although eventually reduced to just Kelly and three others still in action, they managed to take a German trench. However, two of the four fell casualty and a German counter-attack outflanked the position, forcing them to retire. Kelly carried back a casualty, then went back out to bring other wounded men in.

1939 Jackie Collins, author, was born.

1941: Lady Shirley, a small armed trawler in Royal Navy service, won a remarkable gunnery duel with the German submarine U-111 off the Canaries, sinking the U-boat and taking the crew prisoner.

1948 Ann Widdecombe, MP, was born.

1958 Aviation history was made when 2 British designed and built De Havilland Comet 4 airliners operated by BOAC (now British Airways) made the first scheduled jet passenger service flights across the North Atlantic.

1963 The Beatles made their first appearance on the ITV show Ready Steady Go!

1965 The BBC announced it would begin broadcasting a new programme for immigrants.

1973 The BBC broadcast the 500th edition of Top Of The Pops. On the show were Slade, Gary Glitter and The Osmonds.

1976 British Rail began its new 125mph Intercity 'High Speed Train' service.

1983 Richard Noble reached a world land speed record of 663.5mph at Nevada in his jet-powered car, Thrust II, now housed in the Coventry Transport Museum.

1996 Following a series of 'memoir books' regarding events in the Gulf War, members of the SAS and other British forces were to sign a 'contract of silence' or face dismissal.

2000 It was reported that Harry Potter author JK Rowling had donated a six figure sum to the National Council for One Parent Families.

2001 Michael Stone was found guilty for the second time of the murders of Dr. Lin Russell and her daughter Megan.

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raveydavey · Posted: Mon Oct 05, 2009 6:05 pm Post subject:

October 5th:

1796 Spain declared war on Britain in the Napoleonic Wars.

1917 Sir Arthur Lee donated Chequers in Buckinghamshire to the nation as a permanent country retreat for British Prime Ministers.

1927 At its conference in Blackpool, the Labour Party voted to nationalise the coal industry.

1930 The British airship R101 crashed at the edge of a wood near Beauvais in France en route to India, killing 48 of the 54 passengers, including the British Air Minister Lord Thompson. Lord Thompson may well have contributed to the disaster. He brought luggage on board equivalent to the weight of about 24 people, and the crash of the 777 foot craft was thought to be a result of overloading.

1933 Gordon Richards, English champion jockey, rode his 12th consecutive win in 3 days.

1936 The start of the 'Jarrow March' - around 200 unemployed shipyard workers from Jarrow in north east England began walking to London to protest about the lack of jobs. The protestors arrived on October 31st.

1918: During an attack by Australian infantry on Montbrehain in France, Lieutenant Ingram, 24th (Victoria) Battalion, charged a concentration of nine German machine-guns, killing over 40 of their crew. He went on to attack another machine-gun position and two strongpoints, taking over 60 prisoners. He received the Victoria Cross (VC).

1944: British troops landed in Greece to begin the liberation of the country after three years occupation. German troops chose not to defend the Peloponnese and withdrew towards their main garrison in Athens.

1958 Cliff Richard & The Shadows played their first gig together (Victoria Hall, Hanley).

1962 In Britain, an emerging pop group, 'The Beatles' released their first hit record 'Love Me Do'.

1967 For the first time in Britain, a court in Brighton accepted a 'majority verdict' from a jury instead of the usual 'unanimous verdict' required previously.

1969: The first Monty Python’s Flying Circus was screened by the BBC with John Cleese, Eric Idle, Michael Palin, Terry Gilliam, and Graham Chapman who died from cancer on the eve of the twentieth anniversary celebration.

1974 IRA bombs killed 5 and injured 65 in two public houses in Guildford, Surrey, England.

1982: Sony began marketing two-inch flat television screen pocket sets.

1984 Police and Customs in Essex seized Britain's biggest ever haul of cannabis made in a single raid, (4.3 tons), with an estimated street value of almost £11 million.

1984 Leonard Rossiter, actor, (Rising Damp, and The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin) died at the age of 57 from a heart attack.

1999 At least eight people were killed and 160 injured after two trains collided at Ladbroke Grove in west London.

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raveydavey · Posted: Tue Oct 06, 2009 5:46 pm Post subject:

October 6th:

1536 William Tyndale, English religious reformer and translator of the Bible's New Testament, was strangled and burned at the stake, for heresy.

1769 Yorkshire explorer Captain James Cook, aboard the Endeavour, discovered New Zealand.

1829 Locomotive trials began at Rainhill near Liverpool to find an engine for use on the Liverpool and Scumchester Railway. On trial were Cycloped, Perseverance, Sans Pareil, Novelty and the winner, Stephenson’s Rocket. A replica of the Rocket is at York's railway museum.

1847 Charlotte Bronte's novel Jane Eyre was published in London. The book's Yorkshire author used the pseudonym Currer Bell.

1879: Despite being outnumbered eight to one, Major White, 92nd Regiment, led his men in a charge up a hill held by Afghan tribesmen. The attack had begun to lose momentum when White confronted the tribal leader and killed him. This demoralised the Afghans, who gave way and ran. White received the Victoria Cross.

1891 William Henry Smith, (WHSmith) English newsagent, bookseller and statesman died.

1892 Alfred Tennyson, England's 'Poet Laureate', died.

1895 Conductor Sir Henry Wood instituted the Promenade Concerts; known worldwide as 'The Proms', at the Queen's Hall in London.

1902: The 2,000-mile railway line from Cape Town to Beira, Mozambique was completed.

1939 Adolf Hitler denied any intention to wage war against Britain and France in an address to Reichstag.

1941: Two men went to the electric chair in Florida. Their names were Willburn and Frizzel.

1953 Naval and military forces were sent to British Guiana in response to what the UK Government said was a threat to the administration of the British colony.

1968 The first three places in the US Grand Prix were taken by British drivers: Jackie Stewart, Graham Hill and John Surtees.

1978 Ann Dadds became London Underground's first woman Tube driver.

1985 Metropolitan police officer, PC Keith Blakelock, was hacked to death by up to 40 rioters on the Broadwater Farm Estate in Tottenham, North London.

1997 Britain's first astronaut, Michael Foale, returned safely to earth aboard the space shuttle 'Atlantis' after four and a half months on 'MIR', the Russian space station.

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30 Mill · Posted: Tue Oct 06, 2009 10:08 pm Post subject:

Everyday Must Read this section!!!

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raveydavey · Posted: Wed Oct 07, 2009 5:34 pm Post subject:

October 7th: National day of Brazil, marking the anniversary of the 1822 declaration of independence from Portugal.

1571: The Battle of Lepanto between Christian allied naval forces and the Ottoman Turks attempting to capture Cyprus from Venetian rule, ended with the Turks losing 117 galleys and thousands of men in the four-hour battle.

1765 Delegates from nine of the American colonies protested against the British Stamp Act, which raised a direct tax on the colonies.

1799 The ship's bell was salvaged from the wreck of the 'Lutine' which sank off the coast of Holland. It was later presented to shipping insurers Lloyds of London. The Lutine Bell has been rung ever since to mark a marine disaster.

1806 The first carbon paper was patented by its English inventor, Ralph Wedgwood.

1918: In France, Sergeant-Major Williams of the South Wales Borderers rushed a German strongpoint, taking fifteen prisoners. However, when the Germans realised Williams was alone, they turned on him and attempted to overpower him. He managed to fight them off, killing five of them, whereupon the survivors chose to surrender once more. Williams received the Victoria Cross (VC).

1920 The first women were admitted to study for full degrees at Oxford University

1922 The first royal broadcast was made, by the Prince of Wales, on 2LO, 11 days before it changed its named to the BBC.

1931: Birth of The Most Reverend Desmond (Mpilio) Tutu, Archbishop of Cape Town, who is also the general secretary of the South African Council of Churches. In 1984 he was awarded the Nobel Peace prize.

1946 The BBC presented its first edition of Woman's Hour, a daily programme of music, advice and entertainment for those in the home. The programme included an item on how to de-slime your flannels (!) and also broadcast the first episode of the thriller serial 'Dick Barton, Special Agent'.

1957 Jayne Torvill, English ice skater, was born.

1959 Three hundred people were rescued after being cut off by a blaze on Southend's pier, (the world's longest pleasure pier on England's south-east coast).

1966 The Rolling Stones made their last appearance on ITV's 'Ready Steady Go'.

1977 Ninety sets of Swedish identical twins travelled to Felixstowe for a brief shopping trip!

1983 Plans to abolish the Greater London Council (GLC) were announced.

1986 A new British newspaper, The Independent, was published. It is, are you?

1992 The first Braille cash dispenser was installed, by the Northern Rock Building Society in Gateshead, Tyne and Wear back when they actually had some money.

1996 Two IRA car bombs exploded at a British military base in Lisburn, Northern Ireland, injuring 21 soldiers and 10 civilians.

2001: US and UK forces commenced operations against the Al Qaida terrorist organisation and the Taliban regime harbouring them in Afghanistan. The Royal Navy fired submarine-launched Tomahawk missiles as part of the initial strikes.

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raveydavey · Posted: Thu Oct 08, 2009 5:07 pm Post subject:

October 8th:

1806: The British used a form of rocket-propelled missiles for the first time in an attack on Boulogne.

1908 The Wind In The Willows, Kenneth Grahame's classic children's book, was published. It has never been out of print in its entire history.

1915 The Battle of Loos, one of the fiercest of World War I, ended with virtually no gains for either side. Almost 430,000 French, British and Germans were killed. The British used poison gas for the first time in the battle.

1929 Betty Boothroyd, former Speaker of the House of Commons, was born.

1938: The British comic-book hero, Rockfist Rogan of the RAF, appeared in the Champion, created by Frank S Pepper who was also responsible for Colwyn Dane, the detective, and the sci-fi Captain Condor as well as his other famous character, Roy of the Rovers. Pepper used to write 5,000 words a day and used ten different pen names.

1944: During heavy fighting in Italy, Private Burton of the Duke of Wellington's Regiment single-handedly attacked three different German machine-gun posts, enabling his unit to take the position, then played a sterling role in the defence against repeated counter-attacks. He received the Victoria Cross.

1952 At least 85 people were killed in the UK's worst peacetime rail crash after three trains collided at Harrow and Wealdstone.

1965 London's Post Office Tower, once Britain's tallest building, opened. Prime Minister Harold Wilson made the first telephone call.

1967 A motorist in Somerset becomes the first person to be breathalysed in Britain.

1967 Clement Atlee died, aged 84. As Prime Minister he introduced radical reforms of the social welfare system and introduced the National Health Service.

1973 London Broadcasting Company, Britain's first legal commercial radio station, began transmitting.

1980 British Leyland launched the Mini Metro.

1987 The coroner's inquest into the capsizing of the Herald of Free Enterprise returned verdicts of unlawful killing. The ferry disaster, in March, killed 187 people.

1990 Hectic trading in the City marked Britain's first day as a full member of the Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) of the European Monetary System.

1994 The Sunday Times alleged that Margaret Thatcher's son Mark, had received £12 million commission from a £20 billion arms deal with Saudi Arabia, negotiated whilst she was Prime Minister.

1999 A survey for the UK's National Farmer's Union discovered that pop music increased egg production in chickens!

2003: The Terminator takes on California. Film star Arnold Schwarzenegger is elected governor of California, ousting the incumbent, Gray Davis, three years before the end of his term of office.

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raveydavey · Posted: Fri Oct 09, 2009 4:43 pm Post subject:

October 9th:

1470 Henry VI of England was restored to the throne after being deposed in 1461. Six months later he was deposed again and then murdered in the Tower of London.

1779 The first 'Luddite' riots broke out in a lace factory in Loughborough as workers protested against labour-saving machinery which was likely to make them redundant. Similar riots begin at a spinning cotton factory in Scumchester.

1897 Henry Stumey set off in his 4.5hp Daimler from Land's End, and became the first person to drive to John o' Groats. He completed the 929 mile journey on the 19th.

1917: At Ypres, five Victoria Crosses were won:
Sergeant Molyneaux, Royal Fusiliers
Sergeant Lister, Lancashire Fusiliers
Lance-Sergeant Rhodes, Grenadier Guards
Corporal Clamp, Yorkshire Regiment (posthumous)
Private Dancox, Worcestershire Regiment

1940 John Lennon, rock singer and songwriter, was born.

1940 The Royal Air Force formed the first Eagle Squadron - bringing together US pilots who had volunteered to serve with the RAF. A total of three Eagle squadrons - 71, 121 and 133 - were formed between October 1940 and the US entry into the war in December 1941. The squadrons transferred to the USAAF in 1942, forming an experienced cadre for the 4th Fighter Group which served with distinction with the US 8th Air Force in Europe for the rest of the war.

1947: The first call between a car telephone and one in a plane was made above Wilmington, Delaware, in the US.

1948 English football legend Billy Wright first captained the England international team aged 24 - against Northern Ireland.

1955 Three armed men raided a Turkish bath in London, but the well heeled customers were wearing very little clothing, and the robbers' total haul was only £7.

1955 Steve Ovett, English athlete, was born.

1959 The Conservatives, under Harold Macmillan, (Supermac) won a third consecutive general election.

1961 Britain's youngest ever Conservative MP, Margaret Thatcher, was given her first governmental job.

1962 Uganda proclaimed its independence from Britain.

1967: Che Guevara 'shot dead'. Marxist revolutionary Ernesto 'Che' Guevara is reportedly killed during a battle between army troops and guerillas in the Bolivian jungle.

1968 Prime Minister Harold Wilson met Rhodesian premier Ian Smith aboard HMS Fearless in Gibraltar to discuss Rhodesia's decision to declare UDI -a Universal Declaration of Independence.

1973: Elvis Presley divorced Priscilla who received $1.5 million and $4,200 a month as settlement, as well as half the sale of the house ($750,000) plus 5% interest in two of Elvis’ publishing companies.

1988: Latvia cries freedom from Moscow. Thousands of Latvians start a mass movement to press Moscow for greater independence from the Soviet Union.

1991 The first Sumo wrestling tournament ever held off Japanese soil in the sport's 1500 year history began 'on this day' , at the Royal Albert Hall.

1997 The campaign to ban landmines, a cause made popular by Diana, Princess of Wales before her death, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

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raveydavey · Posted: Sat Oct 10, 2009 1:35 pm Post subject:

October 10th:

1731 Henry Cavendish, English physicist and chemist, (he discovered hydrogen) was born.

1810: Facing strong French forces, Wellington retired behind the Lines of Torres Vedras, an impregnable line of fortifications protecting Portugal, built by Royal Engineers and thousands of Portuguese peasants. Safe behind the Lines, Wellington's Anglo-Portuguese army gathered its strength over the winter, whilst Massena's French army suffered, encamped in hostile territory and with difficult lines of supply.

1877 William Morris, motoring pioneer and English car manufacturer, was born. He endowed Nuffield College, Oxford in 1937 and the Nuffield Foundation in 1943.

1881 The Savoy Theatre, the first public building to be lit by electricity, opened with a performance of Gilbert and Sullivan's 'Patience'.

1903 Mrs Emmeline Pankhurst formed the Women's Social and Political Union to fight for women's emancipation in Britain.

1928 George V opened the Tyne Bridge. It contained Britain's largest steel arch. Sydney, Australia shamelessly copied it some years later.

1940 The battleship HMS Revenge, escorted by seven destroyers and a Motor Torpedo Boat flotilla, and covered by a cruiser and destroyer force, conducted a night bombardment of German shipping mustered in Cherbourg.

1957 A major radiation leak was detected at the Windscale nuclear plant in Cumbria after an accident three days earlier.

1961 Following a volcanic eruption, the entire population of the South Atlantic island of Tristan da Cunha was evacuated to Britain.

1975 Elizabeth Taylor got married for the 6th time. She re-married British actor Richard Burton at a remote location in Botswana. They divorced the following year.

1980 Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher made her memorably defiant speech "U-turn if you want to. The lady's not for turning" at her party's conference in Brighton.

1988 Igor Judge, a British QC, was sworn in as a High Court judge where he would be known as Mr Justice Judge.

1996 A Scottish fisherman found a message in a bottle. It had been thrown in the North Sea in 1914 as part of an experiment to chart currents.

1997 At the British Airways stand at the Conservative Party Conference, former prime minister Margaret Thatcher gave the airline a 'handbagging' by placing a white handkerchief over the model of an aircraft with the new style logo.

1999 Thousands gathered to watch the giant Millennium wheel become the latest landmark on the London skyline.

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raveydavey · Posted: Sun Oct 11, 2009 12:47 pm Post subject:

October 11th:

1216 King John lost his crown and jewels whilst crossing 'The Wash'.

1521 Pope Leo X conferred the title of 'Defender of the Faith' (Fidei Defensor) on England's Henry VIII for his book supporting Catholic principles.

1727 The coronation of King George II.

1738 The birth of Arthur Phillip, English admiral and first governor of New South Wales, who founded the first penal colony at Sydney.

1821: Birth of Sir George Williams, English social reformer and founder of the YMCA in 1844.

1844: Birth of Henry John Heinz, US food manufacturer who in 1905 formed H J Heinz Company Inc, and who adopted the slogan ‘57 Varieties’ in 1896.

1899 The start of the Boer War between the British Empire and the Republics of the Orange Free State and the Transvaal in southern Africa.

1915 Despite international protests, Edith Cavell, an English nurse in Belgium, was sentenced to death in Brussels by Germans, for aiding the escape of Allied prisoners.

1919 The first airline meals were served on a Handley-Page flight from London to Paris. They were pre-packed lunch boxes at 3 shillings each (15p).

1937 Bobby Charlton, English footballer and comb-over king, was born.

1944: Australian forces landed at Jacquinot Bay, New Britain, to help contain the Japanese entrenched in Rabaul.

1951 Gordon Richards, champion British jockey, rode his 200th winner for the sixth successive season.

1957 The largest radio telescope in the world was switched on at Jodrell Bank (fnar!) in Cheshire.

1966 The Post Office announced that all home and business addresses in Britain were to be allocated postcodes.

1982 The Mary Rose, which had been the pride of Henry VIII's English fleet until it sank in the Solent in 1545, was raised.

1987 A huge sonar exploration of Loch Ness failed to find the world famous monster, known affectionately as Nessie.

1988 Girls began to study at Magdalene College, Cambridge for the first time. To mark the occasion male students wore black armbands and the porter flew a black flag.

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raveydavey · Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 2:24 pm Post subject:

September 12th:

1537 Edward VI, the only son of Henry VIII by his third wife Jane Seymour was born. Jane died 13 days after giving birth to him.

1597: England was spared a Spanish invasion at Falmouth by the intervention of the weather. For the third time a huge Armada had been assembled, with over 140 ships carrying 9,000 men. The best of the English fleet was absent under the Earl of Essex, engaged in fruitless patrolling off the Azores hoping to catch the Spanish silver convoy from the West Indies, and the approach of the Armada was quite unsuspected in England. Fortunately, a gale caught Don Martin de Padilla's ships some thirty miles (48km) off the Lizard, scattering the fleet and sinking 28 of his ships. The first inkling the English had of their close escape was when one of the Spanish ships was forced to come into port at St Ives - even worse, it transpired that her master had previously spent three years on reconnaissance around the English coast helping plan the invasion. The episode helped secure Essex's fall from favour with Queen Elizabeth.

1822: Pedro the Great was proclaimed Emperor of Brazil.

1823 Charles Macintosh of Scotland began selling raincoats, now better known as - Macs.

1845 Elizabeth Fry, English prison reformer, died.

1859 Robert Stephenson, English civil engineer, died.

1866 James Ramsay McDonald, Scottish statesman, was born. He became the first Labour Prime Minister in 1924.

1901: President Theodore Roosevelt renamed the Executive Mansion ‘The White House’.

1917: The First Battle of Passchendaele opened. The earlier successes during the Third Ypres offensive had allowed the British troops to gain the Ypres ridge, but it was as yet not wholly secure. However, the weather now deteriorated, and the badly scarred terrain began to turn into the infamous quagmire forever associated with the name Passchendaele. The renewed assaults failed. Two VCs were won on the first day. Captain Jeffries, 34th (New South Wales) Australian Battalion, was killed leading an attack during which he had eliminated three machine-gun positions and taken over fifty prisoners. And Private Halton, King's Own Regiment, charged alone several hundred yards to destroy a machine-gun which had inflicted heavy casualties on British troops.

1936 The leader of the British Union of Fascists, Oswald Mosley, led a controversial anti-Jewish march down the Mile End Road in London which was a predominantly Jewish area of the capital.

1940 World War II: Adolf Hitler postponed indefinitely 'Operation Sealion' - the planned invasion of Britain.

1948 The first Morris Minor, designed by Alec Issigonis, was produced at Cowley, Oxfordshire.

1967 Zoologist Desmond Morris stunned the world with his book The Naked Ape that compared human behaviour with animals.

1978: Sex Pistol Vicious on murder charge. British punk rocker Sid Vicious is arrested on suspicion of murder after his girlfriend's body is found in their New York hotel room.

1982 British armed forces held a victory parade in London following the defeat of Argentina in the Falklands War.

1984 Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher escaped an assassination attempt when an IRA bomb exploded in the Grand Hotel, Brighton which was being used by delegates to the Conservative Party Conference. Four people were killed and 30 people injured, including the Employment Secretary Norman Tebbit and his wife

1986 Queen Elizabeth II became the first British monarch to visit China.

1989 The remains of Shakespeare's original Globe Theatre were found on London's Bankside.

2000: Suicide bombers attack USS Cole. At least six American sailors die in what's thought to have been a suicide bomb attack on a US Navy destroyer in Yemen.

2002: Dozens killed in Bali nightclub explosion. Reports from the Indonesian holiday island of Bali say more than 50 people have been killed in two explosions.

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wewantourdarbyback · Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 3:26 pm Post subject:

raveydavey · Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 3:32 pm Post subject:

wewantourdarbyback · Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 5:32 pm Post subject:

raveydavey · Posted: Mon Oct 12, 2009 5:35 pm Post subject:

raveydavey · Posted: Tue Oct 13, 2009 6:34 pm Post subject:

October 13th:

1399 Henry IV (the first King of the House of Lancaster) was crowned king of England.

1853 The birth of Lillie Langtry, actress and mistress of King Edward VII.

1884 Greenwich, London, was chosen as the universal time meridian of longitude from which standard times throughout the world are calculated.

1894 The first Merseyside 'derby' football match was played at Goodison Park between Liverpool and Everton, with Everton winning 3 - 0.

1924 Labour Party leader Ramsay MacDonald became the first Prime Minister to make an election broadcast on BBC radio.

1925 The birth of Margaret Thatcher British Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990. Known as 'The Iron Lady' she was the longest serving Prime Minister for more than 150 years.

1940 Princess Elizabeth, aged 14, (now Queen Elizabeth II), made her first radio broadcast to child evacuees.

1954 Chris Chataway broke the 5,000-metres world record by five seconds in the London v Moscow match at White City, West London.

1963 The term Beatlemania was coined after The Beatles appeared at the Palladium. They made their debut as the top of the bill on ITV's 'Sunday Night at The London Palladium.'

1971 The British Army blew up border roads in N. Ireland to crack down on IRA gun-running.

1988 The British Government failed to stop publication of the controversial book Spycatcher, written by a former secret service agent.

1988 The Queen sued The Sun newspaper after it printed a private photograph.

1992 The government announced plans to close one third of Britain's deep coal mines, putting 31,000 miners out of work.

1996 British racing driver Damon Hill, driving a Williams, won the Japanese Grand Prix to clinch his first (and only) World Championship.

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raveydavey · Posted: Wed Oct 14, 2009 5:32 pm Post subject:

October 14th:

1066: Following his destruction at Stamford Bridge of the Norwegian invasion (25 September), King Harold of England rushed back south to deal with the second threat, from the Norwegians' cousins the Normans, under Duke William the Bastard, who had landed at Pevensey near Hastings on 28 September. William had perhaps 8,000 Norman, Breton, French and Flemish soldiers, including 3,000 knights. Harold brought his surviving army from York, and summoned reinforcements, giving him a similarly sized force. The battle was fought at Senlac Hill. William's initial attack failed, and the Bretons on the left broke and routed. However, some of the fyrd, the English local militia, broke ranks and chased after them; a Norman counter-attack cut them to pieces. William maintained a relentless series of attacks, and the battle became one of attrition. Finally, after perhaps seven or more hours combat, the knights broke through the English ranks, Harold fell, and the English broke. William was crowned King of England on Christmas Day 1066. This was the last successful invasion of England by a foreign army.

1633 King James II, youngest son of Charles I was born. His pro-Catholic stand led to his overthrow by William of Orange.

1644 The Birth of William Penn, English Quaker leader who was the founder of a Quaker colony in the US, named Pennsylvania in his honour.

1878 The 1st football match played under floodlights took place at Bramhall Lane, Sheffield.

1881 189 men died when the Berwickshire fishing fleet was caught in a hurricane. The tragedy, which became known locally as Black Friday, remains Scotland's worst fishing disaster. 129 of the victims came from the village of Eyemouth. Click the links for pictures of the memorials at Burnmouth harbour and Eyemouth harbour.

1890: Birth of Dwight David Eisenhower, US military commander in charge of the Allied invasion of Europe in the Second World War, and 34th US President from 1952-6 and again 1956-60 with Nixon as his Vice-President.

1913 Britain's worst pit disaster. More than 400 miners were killed in an explosion down a mine at Senghenydd in Glamorgan, South Wales.

1929 The world's largest airship, the R101, made its maiden voyage.

1939 The Royal Navy battleship, HMS Royal Oak, was torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine while at harbour in Scapa Flow, off the northern coast of Scotland, a little more than a month after the start of World War II. At least 800 British seamen were killed.

1940 Cliff Richard was born His first hit was 'Move It'.

1947: Chuck Yeagar in his Bell XI rocket plane became the first man to break the sound barrier.

1969 Ahead of the complete changeover to decimalization, Britain scrapped the 10 shilling note and introduced the 50 pence coin.

1983 Cecil Parkinson, the Trade and Industry Secretary, resigned after fresh details about his affair with his former secretary Sara Keays were revealed.

1986 An historic moment for Queen Elizabeth II as she became the first British monarch to walk along the Great Wall of China.

1987: A man flushed 52 gold bars down an airliner toilet after failing to make contact with a fellow smuggler at Kathmandu Airport, giving the Himalayan Kingdom of Nepal a windfall worth £100,000 when the bars were found by the cleaning crew at Hong Kong airport. The gold had to be legally returned to its place of origin, Nepal.

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raveydavey · Posted: Thu Oct 15, 2009 4:02 pm Post subject:

October 15th:

1581: The first major ballet was staged at the request of Catherine de’Medici in the palace at Paris. Le Ballet comique de la reine entertained an audience of 10,000 and was five hours of spectacle choreographed by Balthazar de Beaujoyeulx.

1666 Samuel Pepys recorded in his diary that Charles II had started wearing the first known waistcoat. The King was so overweight that he left the bottom button undone, a fashion custom followed to this day,

1864 The Church Times published ‘Onward Christian Soldiers’, with music by Arthur Sullivan and words by the Rev. Sabine Baring-Gould. It was written for a children’s festival.

1881 P.G. Wodehouse was born. He was famous for his Jeeves and Wooster novels.

1887 Preston North End beat Hyde 26-0 in an FA Cup tie, the highest goal score ever by an English club in a major competition, with James Ross the first player to score seven goals in a 1st Division match.

1940: The Luftwaffe sent large fighter sweeps over the south of the country, and followed up with heavy night attacks on London and Birmingham.

1942: A running battle between convoy SC-104 and the U-boat wolfpack Wotan continued in appalling North Atlantic weather. Five merchant ships had been lost during the previous two nights, all to U-221, but on 15 October an RAF Liberator sank U-661, and HMS Viscount rammed and sank U-619. Three more merchant ships and another U-boat were sunk the following day.

1951 The first Liberal Party political broadcast was televised by the BBC.

1956 The last RAF Lancaster bomber was retired from service.

1959 The birth of the Duchess of York, wife of Prince Andrew, formerly Sarah Ferguson.

1961 The human rights organization Amnesty International was established in London.

1969 The print unions finally allowed Rupert Murdoch's purchase of 'The Sun' newspaper.

1973 Britain and Iceland ended the 'Cod War' with agreement on fishing rights.

1987 The worst hurricane to hit Britain since records began devastated southern England and caused at least 17 deaths.

1994 Five people were killed and 13 injured in a head-on rail collision,at Cowden in Kent after the driver ran a red signal.

1997 British car driver Andy Green, driving the 13.7 m long (45 ft) jet car Thrust SSC, set a new land speed record and broke the sound barrier at Black Rock Desert, Nevada, with a two-way average of 763.035 mph (Mach 1.020).

2001 Home Secretary David Blunkett told MPs he was introducing an emergency anti-terrorism Bill.

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raveydavey · Posted: Fri Oct 16, 2009 5:03 pm Post subject:

October 16th:

1555 English bishops Hugh Latimer and Nicholas Ridley were burnt at the stake for heresy.

1803 The birth of Robert Stephenson, the English civil engineer who built railways and bridges.

1834 The original Houses of Parliament were almost completely destroyed by fire.

1846: An anaesthetic was successfully used for the first time at the Massachusetts General Hospital where dentist William T G Morton used diethyl ether prior to removing a tumour from a young man’s jaw. Soon after, John Snow, a physician in Britain, enthusiastically adopted the use of this anaesthetic.

1847 Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte was published under her pseudonym Currer Bell.

1881 The first edition of The People' - later renamed 'The Sunday People'.

1902 Britain opened its first 'Borstal' detention centre, at the village of Borstal in Kent. The institution was designed to keep boys, especially first offenders, away from adult criminals in prisons; to teach them a trade and to reward good behaviour.

1920 Gordon Richards, 26 times a champion jockey, had his first ride, at Lingfield Park.

1943: A bitter action around convoy ON-206 saw three German U-boats sunk - two by RAF Liberators of 59, 86 and 120 Squadrons, and one by HMS Sunflower. A fourth U-boat was sunk by an 86 Squadron Liberator covering convoy ONS-20. And a fifth was sunk far away in the Gulf of Oman by RAF Bisley aircraft of 244 Squadron.

1958 Britain's most popular children's television programme 'Blue Peter' was first broadcast on BBC TV. The first presenters were Leila Williams and Christopher Trace.

1964 Harold Wilson became Prime Minister of a Labour Government. He was the first Labour PM in 13 years.

1974 Three prison staff were taken to hospital and dozens of prisoners were injured after rioting and fires at the Long Kesh Maze prison, Belfast.

1978: Polish bishop is new Pope. Cardinals at the Vatican choose the first non-Italian Pope for more than 400 years, John Paul II.

1987 Southern Britain began a massive clear-up operation after the worst night of storms in living memory. BBC Weatherman Michael Fish faced criticism, as he had reassured viewers that the worst of the stormy weather would be across Spain and France.

1996 British Home Secretary Michael Howard announced stringent new gun controls following the mass shooting in March 1996 of children at a school in Dunblane, Scotland.

2001 Government special adviser Jo Moore apologised for sending an e-mail in which she suggested 11th September was a good day to 'bury bad news'.

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